{"id":35611,"date":"2019-03-20T10:00:16","date_gmt":"2019-03-20T09:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/imo-2020\/"},"modified":"2025-02-25T11:42:43","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T10:42:43","slug":"imo-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/es\/comercio-internacional\/normativas\/imo-2020","title":{"rendered":"Efectos de la norma IMO 2020 en el transporte mar\u00edtimo"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lsxdu53y-95b2a3d4ba24c5b937daa1f3a76fbfb1 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>A falta de menos de un a\u00f1o para que entre en vigor la Norma IMO 2020, las principales navieras toman posiciones para adaptar sus buques antes del 1 de enero de 2020 a la nueva normativa de la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imo.org\/es\/about\/paginas\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Organizaci\u00f3n Mar\u00edtima Internacional<\/a> (OMI).<\/p>\n<h2>Qu\u00e9 es la norma IMO 2020<\/h2>\n<p>La <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imo.org\/es\/MediaCentre\/HotTopics\/GHG\/Documents\/2020%20sulphur%20limit%20FAQ.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">IMO 2020<\/a> es la nueva regulaci\u00f3n aprobada por la OIM que obliga a los barcos a emplear fluel oil con un contenido m\u00e1ximo de azufre del 0.5% masa\/masa frente al actual 3.5% para reducir las emisiones de \u00f3xido de azufre, una sustancia que contribuye a la contaminaci\u00f3n ambiental y a la destrucci\u00f3n de la capa de ozono.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f3mo cumplir con la norma IMO 2020<\/h2>\n<p>Las navieras est\u00e1n barajando tres posibles soluciones para adaptarse a la normativa, cada una con sus ventajas e inconvenientes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Un <strong>fuel oil<\/strong> con un contenido m\u00e1ximo de azufre del 0.5% masa\/masa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e9todos equivalentes autorizados<\/strong>, es decir emplear combustibles con mayor concentraci\u00f3n de azufre combinados con sistemas de limpieza de los gases de escape, conocidos como \u201clavadores\u201d que \u201climpian\u201d los gases antes de emitirlos a la atm\u00f3sfera.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Otros tipos de fuel<\/strong> de bajo o cero contenido en azufre como\u00a0el gas natural licuado (GNL), o los biofueles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A simple vista, la primera podr\u00eda parecer la medida m\u00e1s econ\u00f3mica y sencilla de aplicar ya que no implica una modificaci\u00f3n de las infraestructuras de los buques, pero la disponibilidad de fuel oil de contenido en azufre inferior al 0.5% no es tan alta como la de otros combustibles por lo que la oferta y la demanda podr\u00edan encarecerlo.<\/p>\n<p>Es por esto, que las navieras no descartan otras medidas que supongan una inversi\u00f3n inicial m\u00e1s elevada para la adaptaci\u00f3n de los buques pero que a largo plazo pueda ser m\u00e1s rentable.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-35617\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/IMO-2020-transporte-maritimo-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/IMO-2020-transporte-maritimo-2.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/IMO-2020-transporte-maritimo-2-300x177.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Qu\u00e9 recargo aplicar\u00e1n las navieras por el IMO 2020<\/h2>\n<p>La inversi\u00f3n que realicen las navieras, bien en combustible bien en nuevas infraestructuras para adaptar sus buques, posiblemente acabe reflej\u00e1ndose en los fletes. Los t\u00e9rminos m\u00e1s habituales para estos <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tibagroup.com\/es\/logistica\/transporte-maritimo\/fcl-lcl-recargos-aplicables\">recargos<\/a> son:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>BAF<\/strong> (Bunker Adjustment Factor).<\/li>\n<li><strong>EBS\u00a0<\/strong>(Emergency Bunker Surcharge).<\/li>\n<li><strong>BUC<\/strong>\u00a0(Bunker Contribution).<\/li>\n<li><strong>BRC<\/strong>\u00a0(Bunker Recovery Cost).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>El <strong>BAF<\/strong>\u00a0se utiliza de manera general para los ajustes por la fluctuaci\u00f3n del fuel, mientras que\u00a0<strong>EBS<\/strong>, <strong>BUC<\/strong> y <strong>BRC<\/strong> hacen referencia a unos gastos extra relacionados con el combustible.<\/p>\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n es posible que las navieras utilicen otros t\u00e9rminos como <strong>MFR<\/strong> (Marine Fuel Recovery), <strong>FAF<\/strong> (Fuel Adjustment Factor), <strong>GFS<\/strong> (Global Fuel Surcharge), <strong>OBS <\/strong>(ONE Bunker Surcharge), <strong>ERS<\/strong> (Emergency Risk Surcharge) para repercutir estas inversiones de adaptaci\u00f3n a la norma.<\/p>\n<p>Por el momento, todav\u00eda no se advierte un incremento de fletes considerable y los servicios se van viendo ajustados a nivel espacio seg\u00fan las demandas programadas del mercado.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1zthcfi-97df7be2df10efb406aecc1413ab45dd\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-1zthcfi-97df7be2df10efb406aecc1413ab45dd{\nheight:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-1zthcfi-97df7be2df10efb406aecc1413ab45dd hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conoce la IMO 2020, la norma que entra en vigor en 2020 obligando a reducir el contenido de azufre del fueloil al 0.5% masa\/masa, y c\u00f3mo afectar\u00e1 al transporte mar\u00edtimo internacional.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":35614,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[621,335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-normativas","category-transporte-maritimo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Efectos de la norma IMO 2020 en el transporte mar\u00edtimo | TIBA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Conoce la IMO 2020, la norma que reduce el contenido de azufre del fuel oil al 0.5% masa\/masa, y c\u00f3mo afectar\u00e1 al transporte mar\u00edtimo internacional\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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